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What is full stack development?
Full stack development is a comprehensive approach that incorporates front-end (client side) and back end (server side) programming and database management to facilitate the software development process. The word “stack” may confuse you. Though “stack” refers to a group of objects, but in IT domain, it refers to a suite of software elements or technologies that are required to create a software or web application.
In short, full stack development encompasses various technologies for developing a complete web application or web site, i.e., for the front-end and back-end development. A full stack developer who is responsible will be proficient in client software and server software, as well as web frameworks. What matters is the use of a popular technology stack that is functional enough to satisfy your customers.
MERN Stack is among the popular technology stack that is favorite in the market.
What is MERN Stack?
MERN is the abbreviation of MongoDB, Express, React, Node – a technology stack for developing powerful web applications and web sites. MERN describes MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js., as its key technologies that make it possible to develop a web application.
MongoDB: MongoDB is a document-oriented database used to store huge amounts of distributed data. Unlike traditional databases where data is stored in tables, MongoDB stores data in documents rather than relational tables.
Express.js: Express.js is a flexible open-source web application framework for Node.js that presents a range of features for developing web and mobile applications. It accelerates Node based web development processes.
React.js: React.js is an open-source client-side JavaScript library to develop interactive user interfaces (UI’s).
Node.js: Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment that uses JavaScript engine (V8). It is widely used to develop server-side and network applications. All these technologies make an excellent technology stack for faster application development.
MERN stack is an outstanding choice for companies looking to build high quality websites.
How does MERN stack work?
Here we throw light on how the MERN stack works. Its technologies can be used individually, but when combined this technology stack helps developers to create high performance web applications.
MERN stack development constitutes Front-end development (React.js), Back-end development (Node.js) and Database Management (MongoDB). It has the architecture that basically contains 3 tiers: front-end, back-end and database.
Front-end(React.js): The top tier in the MERN stack, React is a declarative Javascript (js) framework for developing client-side applications using HTML. JavaScript framework is a suite of JavaScript code libraries that provides pre-defined codes to make the programming easy.
React facilitates the creation of complex user interfaces (UI’s) through independent and reusable codes (components). The UI’S are then connected to the backend server and provide them as HTML. The importance of React.js is that you can create powerful user interfaces with minimal code and minimal efforts. This framework offers great support for forms, lists, events, error handling and more.
Express.js and Node.js Server End: Express.js server-side framework for node.js which offers various features that makes development easy and fast. Express.js has powerful models to accept and match request URL’s with a server function and manages HTTP requests and responses.
Using XML HTTP Requests (XHR’s) or GET or POST requests from React.js, you can link to a series of Express.js function calls. These Express.js functions in turn use MongoDB Node.js drivers to connect to MongoDB and work with data. MongoDB Node.js supports an asynchronous API which allows you to access and update data in MongoDB database using Promises or callbacks.
MongoDB Database: MongoDB is a document-oriented NoSQL database designed to store data including user profiles, comments, content, uploads etc. and it allows you to seamlessly work with data. MongoDB easily adapts to the rest of the technologies (React, Express and Node) in the MERN stack. The files or documents in the JSON format that are created in React.js are sent to Express.js, where they will be processed and stored in MongoDB for usage.
The advantage with MongoDB is that you can store and retrieve huge amounts of unstructured data in JSON format. Also, with a range of other features it is the preferred database for the leading organizations across the world.
Why choose the MERN stack?
When it comes to web development, the preferred technology suite is the MERN stack. Why is this so?
Because everything in the development process is related to Javascript. Each line of code is written in JavaScript, a highly acceptable programming language for both the client-side and server-side programming.
MongoDB works well with React, Node and Express, making it easy to represent and manipulate even your data in a seamless way. As MERN stack goes round on a single programming language, it simplifies the development process, providing web developers the capabilities and tools to build efficient applications with less pain.
MongoDB functions properly with Node.js making it easy to manage JSON data at every level of your application. On the other side, Express.js being a back-end web application framework for Node.js, it provides immense features, as well as handles HTTP requests and responses and makes URL mapping to server easy.
React.js makes it simple to create interactive UI’s (user interfaces) in HTML and interact with the server. These technologies together help you develop high-quality web applications.
You have the database to store huge amounts of data, a backend that allows users to access data much faster, and a front-end that provides excellent user experience.
MERN stack is the preferred option for developers now. So, it makes sense to get moving with the best technology stack for web development.
Advantages and Disadvantages:
We here highlight the benefits of using MERN stack.
No context switching: MERN stack provides superior tools for easy and fast application development. As every single line of code for front-end and back-end is written in JavaScript, it eliminates the need for developers for context switching. it saves their time and helps to develop web applications.
MVC (Model-view-controller): MERN stack provides MVC framework, an architecture model that separates an application into three components: Model, View and Controller. Each component has specific roles in the development of applications making it easier and convenient to develop web applications.
Full-stack: The stack has a quick back-end that allows users of your application get access their data much faster. Moreover, with efficient development capabilities, the entire technologies efficiently manage the client-side and server-side development faster.
Cost-effective: You don’t need to hire separate front-end and back-end developers As the MERN stack can handle both client-side and server-side programming effectively and efficiently. Code maintenance and fixing errors is simple, making the technology stack a cost-effective option.
Open Source: MERN stack being an open-source framework, it is constantly being updated by experts worldwide. This extends the efficiency of coding and offers various capabilities to the development process.
Easy to use: As MERN being a JavaScript Stack, developers only need to have a sound knowledge of JavaScript and JSON. Moreover, other technologies are easy to understand and can be deployed for web development.
Disadvantages:
Productivity: As React.js is a set of libraries, it employs various third-party libraries which reduces productivity.
Larger applications: It is hard with MERN stack to create a large project which involves many developers. It is best viable for single page applications.
Conclusion:
The mix of technologies in the MERN stack makes web development easier and faster. And it is no surprise that leading companies have chosen MERN Stack for developing their business website. The brands include, Airbnb, BBC, Paypal, Netflix, Facebook, and the list goes on.
To take your business to the next level and ensure future growth, you have to count on the expertise of web development companies that are experts in developing web applications using MERN stack technology.
At Metric Tree Labs PVT LTD, we have in-depth proficiency in underlying technologies of the MERN stack such as MongoDB, Express.js, React.js and Node.js. We offer innovative software solutions to our customers based on MERN stack.
